The review of the month by Dario Migliorini
SULTANS OF SWING (DIRE STRAITS), DIRE STRAITS
In the history of rock the first single by a singer or a band has rarely become a classic, known all over the world. More often that first song, perhaps still raw compared to following works, remains a gem for the hottest fans. Unless that song is Sultans Of Swing and that band is named Dire Straits. This little diamond, which would later become a rock marathon in long live performances, was launched in 1978 and then inserted into the British band's first album, simply titled Dire Straits. Sultans Of Swing was not an immediate success (there was a first launch that did not seem to intercept favor with the general public), but the second launch, a few months later, hit the mark, catapulting Dire Straits and its undisputed leader, Mark Knopfler, in the firmament of rock. The worldwide success of Sultans Of Swing, certainly motivated by its musical and lyrical beauty, nevertheless strikes for more than one reason. From a musical point of view it is a song with a constant rhythm, with very few cuts and basically without a real refrain. Considering that in 1978 we were in the midst of the disco-music era and that rock was given for dying, if not for the punk wave of bands like the Clash and the "resistance" of some great rock songwriters (Springsteen and a few others), taking so high a purely rock song like Sultans Of Swing was a great merit.
An ordinary and casual evening of music
But there is much more than this: the fortune of Sultans Of Swing is also surprising for its meaning. It is not a love song, it does not talk about escapes or travels, drugs or sex, it does not even have a background of political protest, nor high flights over the destinies of the world and humanity. Instead, it is a small story of an ordinary evening in the southern suburbs of London, in which the protagonist, looking for shelter from the rain, decides to enter a club, attracted by the music coming from inside. The story was inspired by a fact that actually happened to Mark Knopfler. It was he, in fact, who in 1977 lived that experience in Deptford, a town in London on the south bank of the Thames. Knopfler said he happened to be in that club by chance and found himself in front of the scene that is roughly described in the song. A band of non-professional musicians, who played traditional music out of pure passion and without any ambition for success, was performing in front of no one, except the bar keepers and a group of boys who, loud and drunk, weren't even listening to the music played by the band. And it really happened that, at the end of the concert, the singer gave his farewell greeting to that “invisible crowd”, introducing his band as Sultans of Swing. So Mark went home and started writing the song, initially using an acoustic guitar, but then finding the inspiration for harmony and the main musical tune, when he took up his Fender Stratocaster.
A heartfelt tribute to music
By his own admission, Knopfler noted that there was a deep gap between the band's high-sounding name and the quality of their performance. It was simply a group of friends who met in the evening, after work, to strum something in a suburban club, certainly not very popular. But in Sultans Of Swing Mark Knopfler wanted to “raise the bar” to appreciate the effort that those musicians were making, with the aim to express something of themselves and their soul through music. Knopfler, like other times in his poetry, wanted to deal with the ordinary life of people, who are busy not for an economic goal or for fame, but simply to feel fulfilled, even in hard circumstances. Then, in Sultans Of Swing, Mark Knopfler raises the quality of those musicians: they play Dixie in double four times, without particular virtuosity, but knowing well the chords they have to play. Harry, one of the Sultans, "can play the Honky Tonk like anything". The occasion, thus, becomes tempting to express a heartfelt tribute to traditional music, especially the American one, and, more precisely, the one from the south of the USA: the Dixieland, but also the Creole, the Honky Tonk himself and, more generally, the “container” of all these musical streams, the Jazz music. That Jazz that young people, attracted by rock, by flaming guitars, by virtuous solos and by the show on stage, weren’t able to appreciate. The Jazz, and all the rest of the music of the roots, thus becomes the way to feel the music to the depths of soul.
Musical references
In the lyrics of Sultans Of Swing Mark Knopfler refers to some musical elements that belong to the history of popular music. The Dixie was a music genre launched in the 1950s in which the guitar is played very fast and the musician plays the guitar and bass parts simultaneously. The Honky Tonk comes partly from ragtime and partly from country music, blending white and black music. The Creole, born as a jazz derivation in New Orleans, Louisiana, involved the heavy use of wind instruments. One author, in particular, seemed to be running through Mark Knopfler's head, albeit not mentioned: Alan Freed. Though he played the trombone in a band that, coincidentally, was called Sultans Of Swing, Freed was credited with coining the term Rock'n'Roll in the early 1950s, paradoxically the kind of music that kids of the late 70ies contrasted to the swing jazz. Then there was much discussion about the references in the song to the musicians George and Harry. In all probability they were George Young and Harry Vander, guitarists of the band The Easybeats, but closely linked to AC/DC (George was the brother of Angus and Malcolm Young, founders of the historic hard rock band). For other reviewers George was George Borowski, a musician known by Knopfler. Borowski himself, however, ruled out himself from being among the protagonists of that song. In any case, these references confirm how Mark Knopfler, with Sultans Of Swing, wanted to pay homage to popular music, especially to the roots of American music.
A song that has become legend
Sultans Of Swing is a fast-tempo rock ballad based on Pick Whiters' excellent rhythmic work. The drummer works on the hi-hat in counter time and gives the rhythm a very particular trend. The almost six minutes of song run on this rhythm without stopping and with very few cuts or rolls, as John Illsley's bass line works on simple and linear scales. While David Knopfler plays the rhythm guitar with a very fast right hand, the absolute difference is made by Mark Knopfler himself who, with his original and excellent ability (he does not use the pick, but the fingers also with the right hand), adopts the so-called fill technique, his peculiar prerogative, to answer to his own singing with guitar riffs. This allows the song to have a kind of double melody line. And then arrive, wonderful and distinctive, the two solos before and after the last verse. The first is played on the harmonic chords of the verse, the second on the chords on which the musical theme is built and what we could define, even if improperly, a refrain. Thus the apparent rhythmic monotony of the song is torn apart by one of the most famous guitar performances in rock, with a very fast, almost whirling final part. The farewell of Whiters then led the band to change the rendering of the song: Terry Williams, a more muscular drummer in full rock style, will help to give Sultans Of Swing a second soul, the more viscerally live one, in versions that will double the duration of the song, with a long final guitar solo (the saxophone will also be added in 1985's Live Aid version). The organ will also appear, totally absent in the original version. In the live versions Knopfler confirmed (and even increased) his fame as a skilled guitarist, to the point of entering, he who had approached the instrument with the most traditional techniques taken from folk and bluegrass, in the elite of the greatest rock guitarists ever.